Benchmark Adoption Survey
First Public Opinion Survey on American Attitudes Toward Adoption

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The Adoption Institute's 1997 Benchmark Adoption Survey[1] is the first national public opinion research on American perceptions of adoption. The following are some of the landmark survey's key findings. For a thorough presentation of the survey research, see the Benchmark Adoption Survey Report on the Findings.

Americans' Experience with and Sources of Information about Adoption

    Majority of Americans Have a Personal Connection to Adoption
    • Nearly 60 percent of Americans have had personal experience with adoption - meaning they, a family member or close friend was adopted, adopted a child or relinquished a child for adoption.
Over One-Third of Americans Have Considered Adopting

    Personal Experience with Adoption Associated with a More Favorable View of Adoption
    • Almost three-quarters of full supporters of adoption have a personal connection to adoption, compared with less than half of marginal supporters.[2]

    For Plurality of Americans, the Main Source of Information About Adoption is Family and Friends
    • The main source of information about adoption for 45% of Americans is their family or friends, followed by the news (30%), books and magazines (16%) and movies and entertainment (6%).
    • Full supporters are more likely to get information from family and friends, in contrast to marginal supporters who are more likely to get their information from the news.

How Americans View Adoption

Most Americans Have a Favorable Opinion of Adoption

Americans Overwhelmingly Think Adoption Serves a Useful Purpose in Our Society

How Americans View the Triad

    Most Americans Have a Positive View of Adoptive Parents' Relationships with Adopted Children
    • Over three quarters of Americans believe parents get the same amount of satisfaction or more from raising an adopted child as raising a child born to them.
    • Over two-thirds of Americans believe that it is very likely that adopted children love their adoptive parents as much as they would have loved their birth parents.
    • Over three-quarters of Americans believe it is as easy to love an adopted child as it is to love a biological child. A sizable minority believe that it is sometimes harder to love an adopted child because the child is not their flesh and blood.
Most Approve of Decision to Place a Child for Adoption
A majority of Americans have positive opinions about birth parents who place a child for adoption.[3] Seven in ten say they generally approve of a birth mother's decision.[4]

Americans are Divided on Adopted Children's Likelihood of Adjustment Problems
Most Americans have a positive view of adopted children, and a solid majority view them as well adjusted (76%) and secure (68%). However, people are divided as to whether adopted children are more or less likely than other children to have problems at school or with behavior.

Americans believe adopted children are more or less likely than other children to have

Americans Are Less Optimistic about the Prospects of Children Adopted from Other Countries
Half of respondents believe children adopted internationally are more likely than children adopted domestically to have emotional problems and less likely to be physically healthy. But, nearly half of Americans believe internationally adopted children are less likely to do poorly in school than adopted children born in this country.

Americans think children adopted from foreign countries are more or less likely than children adopted in this country to

Only Modest Public Support for Open Adoptions and Search
Open adoption-in which the birth and adoptive families maintain some contact with each other-has become more commonplace in the United States. Still, the public only modestly supports the practice.

Americans believe open adoption is a good idea in

The public also holds mixed views about the consequences of adoptees searching for and finding their birth parents. Most respondents believe that adoptees and birth parents benefit from contact, while fewer think adoptive parents do.

Is searching for birth parents usually good or bad for


Sources and References

[1] The Benchmark Adoption survey is based on telephone interviews with a representative sample of 1,554 adults 18 and older, living in telephone households in the continental United States, including an oversample of 50 African-Americans. Princeton Survey Research Associates conducted the survey for the Adoption Institute.

[2] Full supporters express unqualified support for adoption, qualified supporters have a positive opinion of adoption but do not fully embrace it, and marginal supporters are less convinced than others about the merits of adoption.

[3] Over half of respondents, however, are unlikely to place their own child for adoption if they could not provide for the child.

[4] Americans are split about evenly over whether it is best for an unmarried pregnant teenager to raise the baby herself (39%) or place the baby for adoption (37%). One in five says it depends on the individual situation.


BENCHMARK SURVEY
1997 Benchmark Survey

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© 1997 The Evan B. Donaldson Adoption Institute